Chemistry@BGS

The complete official specification covering purity, formulations, chromatography, gas tests, ion tests, instrumental methods and flame-emission spectroscopy.

Review chemical purity and how melting and boiling point data can be used to distinguish pure substances from mixtures.

Review how carefully designed mixtures are produced for particular purposes, including medicines, fuels, paints and cleaning products.

A visual guide with videos covering the chromatography method, interpreting chromatograms, mobile and stationary phases and calculating Rf values.

Review the characteristic tests and observations for hydrogen, oxygen, carbon dioxide and chlorine, with demonstrations of the tests in action.

A dedicated analysis hub covering flame tests, positive-ion tests using sodium hydroxide and tests for carbonate, sulfate and halide ions.

Practical videos showing flame tests, metal-hydroxide precipitates and tests for carbonate, sulfate and halide ions, followed by identification of an unknown substance.

Covers silver nitrate tests in detail and the further ammonia tests needed to distinguish silver chloride, silver bromide and silver iodide reliably.

See how gas chromatography separates mixtures and how coupling it to mass spectrometry allows compounds to be identified, with examples from sport, food and environmental analysis.

Review how light from a flame is separated into a line spectrum and how spectra can identify metal ions and determine their concentrations.

Free adaptive and open-ended questions on carrying out paper chromatography, interpreting results and understanding the required practical.

Test yourself across the whole Chemical Analysis topic with free adaptive questions covering both the core and Chemistry-only material.

Apply flame tests, precipitate tests and anion tests to GCSE-style analytical problems and identification of unknown substances.

Practise comparing line spectra with reference data to identify ions and mixtures and using peak intensity to reason about concentration.

Use chemical observations and logical deduction to devise tests, interpret results and identify a set of unknown solutions rather than simply recalling individual tests.

Move beyond paper chromatography into TLC, gas and liquid chromatography, then investigate how chromatography is coupled with MS, IR, UV and NMR to identify mixtures.

Explore how a mass spectrometer works and how molecular ions and fragments provide information about identity and molecular structure — a major analytical technique at A Level.

Start the analytical chemistry encountered in OCR A Chemistry, including mass spectra, molecular ions and infrared spectroscopy, with challenging post-16 questions.

A demanding synoptic investigation combining analytical data, mass spectra, equilibrium and molecular structure in a real chemical context, with a version specifically designed to stretch highly able students.